200140.vtt 2.82 KB
WEBVTT

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PTCA, or percutaneous transluminal 

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coronary angioplasty, is a minimally invasive 

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procedure that opens blocked coronary arteries  

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to improve blood flow to the heart muscle. 

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First, a local anesthesia numbs the groin area.

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Then, the doctor puts a needle into the 

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femoral artery, the artery

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that runs down the leg. 

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The doctor inserts a guide wire through

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the needle,

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removes the needle,

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and replaces it with an introducer, 

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an instrument with two ports for inserting

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flexible devices.

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Then the original guide wire

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is replaced by a thinner wire.

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The doctor passes a long narrow tube called 

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a diagnostic catheter over the new wire,

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through the introducer, and into the artery. 

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Once it's in, the doctor guides it to the aorta and removes the guide wire.

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With the catheter at the opening of a coronary artery,

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the doctor injects dye and takes an X-ray.

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If it shows a treatable blockage,

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the doctor backs the catheter out and replaces it with a guiding catheter,

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before removing the wire.

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An even thinner wire is inserted and guided across the blockage. 

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A balloon catheter is then guided to the blockage site.

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The balloon is inflated for a few seconds 

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to compress the blockage against the artery wall.

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Then it's deflated.

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The doctor may inflate the balloon a few more times,

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each time filling it a little more to widen the passage.

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This may then be repeated at each blocked or narrowed site.

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The doctor may also place a stent,

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a latticed metal scaffold,

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within the coronary artery to keep it open.

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Once the compression is done,

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dye is injected and an X-ray is taken to check for changes in the arteries.

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Then the catheter is removed and the procedure is complete.